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Sugar water electromagnetic flowmeter

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智能型电磁流量计

overview

Electromagnetic flowmeter is an induction instrument that measures the volume flow rate of conductive medium inside a tube based on Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction. It adopts embedded technology of single-chip microcomputer to achieve digital excitation, and adopts CAN fieldbus on the electromagnetic flowmeter, which is the first of its kind in China and the technology has reached the leading level in China. While meeting on-site display requirements, it can also output 4-20mA current signals for recording, regulation, and control purposes. It has been widely used in industrial technology and management departments such as chemical, environmental protection, metallurgy, pharmaceuticals, papermaking, and water supply and drainage. In addition to measuring the flow rate of general conductive liquids, it can also measure the volumetric flow rate of liquid-solid two-phase flow, high viscosity liquid flow, and salt, strong acid, and strong alkali liquids.

SUS316L stainless steel electrode	Titanium electrode	Tantalum electrode
Schematic diagram of rubber lining	Schematic diagram of PO lining	Schematic diagram of PTFE lining

characteristic

The instrument structure is simple, reliable, without moving parts, and has a long working life.
There are no flow blocking components, and there is no pressure loss or fluid blockage.
No mechanical inertia, fast response, good stability, can be applied to automatic detection, adjustment, and program control systems.
The measurement accuracy is not affected by the type of measured medium and its physical parameters such as temperature, viscosity, density, pressure, etc.
The use of different combinations of PTFE or rubber lining and electrode materials such as HC, HB, 316L, Ti, etc. can adapt to the needs of different media.
There are various types of flow meters available, including pipeline type and plug-in type.
Using EEPROM memory, the storage of measurement and operation data ensures safety and reliability.
● It has two forms: integrated and separated.
● High definition LCD backlit display.

Technical Parameter

Table 1

Applicable pipe diameter	DN25 to DN2600 (non-standard below DN25)
Electrode material	316L (stainless steel), HC (Hastelloy C), HB (Hastelloy B), Ti (titanium), Ta (tantalum)
Applicable Medium	Liquids with conductivity>5us/cm
measuring range	0.1-10m/s (expandable to 15m/s)
Upper Range Limit	0.5-10m/s, recommended 1-5m/s
accuracy class	0.3 level, 0.5 level, 1.0 level (differentiated by caliber)
output signal	4-20mADC, load ≤ 750 Ω; 0-3KHz, 5V active, variable pulse width, high-end effective frequency output: RS485 interface
Working pressure	1.0MPa, 1.6MPa, 4.0MPa, 16MPa (special)
Fluid temperature	-Reference lining material for 20 ℃~80 ℃, 80 ℃~130 ℃, 130 ℃~180 ℃
ambient temperature	Sensor -40 ℃~80 ℃; Converter -15 ℃~50 ℃
ambient temperature	≤ 85RH (at 20 ℃)
Cable outlet size	M20×1.5
power supply	220VAC±10%; 50Hz±1Hz; 24VDC±10%
power waste	≤8W
degrees of protection provided by enclosure	Integrated: IP65 Split type: Sensor IP68 Converter IP65
Grounding ring material	1Cr18Ni9Ti (stainless steel), HC (Hastelloy C), Ti (titanium), Ta (tantalum), Cu (copper)
Connecting flange	National standard GB9119-88 (DIN2051, BS4504)

Working principle

The measurement principle of electromagnetic flowmeter is based on Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction. The measuring tube of the flowmeter is a short tube lined with insulating material and non-magnetic alloy. Two electrodes are fixed on the measuring tube through the wall in the direction of the pipe diameter. The electrode tip is basically flush with the inner surface of the lining. When the excitation coil is magnetized by bidirectional square wave pulses, it will generate a working magnetic field with a magnetic flux density of B in the direction perpendicular to the axis of the measuring tube. At this point, if a liquid with a certain conductivity flows through the measuring tube, it will cut the magnetic field lines and induce an electromotive force E. The electromotive force E is proportional to the magnetic flux density B, and the product of the inner diameter d of the measuring tube and the average flow velocity V. The electromotive force E (flow signal) is detected by the electrode and sent to the converter through a cable. After amplifying and processing the flow signal, the converter can display the fluid flow rate and output signals such as pulses and simulated currents for flow control and regulation.

E＝KBdV
In the formula: E represents the signal voltage (V) between the electrodes
B -- Magnetic flux density (T)
D -- Measuring the inner diameter of the tube (m)
V - Average flow velocity (m/s)
In the equation, K and d are constants. Since the excitation current is constant, B is also constant. Therefore, from E=KBdV, it can be seen that the volume flow rate Q is proportional to the signal voltage E, that is, the signal voltage E induced by the flow velocity is linearly related to the volume flow rate Q. Therefore, as long as E is measured, the flow rate Q can be determined, which is the basic working principle of electromagnetic flowmeter.
According to E=KBdV, parameters such as temperature, density, pressure, conductivity, and liquid-solid composition ratio of the measured fluid medium will not affect the measurement results. As for the flow state, as long as it conforms to axisymmetric flow (such as laminar or turbulent flow), it will not affect the measurement results. Therefore, electromagnetic flowmeter is a true volumetric flowmeter. For manufacturers and users, as long as ordinary water is used for actual calibration, the volume of any other conductive fluid medium can be measured without any correction, which is a prominent advantage of electromagnetic flow meters that no other flow meters have. There are no active or obstructed components inside the measuring tube, so there is almost no pressure loss and it has high reliability.

Product Selection

1. Range confirmation
It is advisable for the measured medium flow rate of a general industrial electromagnetic flowmeter to be between 2-4m/s. In special circumstances, the minimum flow rate should not be less than 0.1m/s and the maximum should not be greater than 8m/s. If the medium contains solid particles, the commonly used flow rate should be less than 3m/s to prevent excessive friction between the lining and the electrode; For viscous fluids, the flow velocity can be chosen to be greater than 2m/s. A higher flow velocity helps to automatically eliminate the effect of viscous substances attached to the electrode, which is beneficial for improving measurement accuracy. Under the condition that the range Q has been determined, the size of the flowmeter diameter D can be determined based on the range of flow velocity V mentioned above, and its value can be calculated by the following formula:

Q： Flow rate (m ³/h)
D： Inner diameter of pipeline (m)
V： Flow rate (m/h)
The range Q of the electromagnetic flowmeter should be greater than the expected flow rate value, while the normal flow rate value should be slightly greater than 50% of the high scale of the flowmeter's full range.
2. Reference flow range

Table 2

Diameter (mm)	Flow range (m ³/h)	Diameter (mm)	Flow range (m ³/h)
DN15	0.6～6.36	DN500	70.65～7065.00
DN20	0.11～11.30	DN600	101.74～10173.60
DN25	0.18～17.66	DN700	138.47～13847.40
DN40	0.45～45.22	DN800	180.86～18086.40
DN50	0.71～70.65	DN900	228.91～22890.60
DN65	1.19～119.40	DN1000	282.60～28260.00
DN80	1.81～180.86	DN1200	406.94～40694.40
DN100	2.83～282.60	DN1600	723.46～72345.60
DN200	11.30～1130.40	DN1800	915.62～91562.40
DN250	17.66～1766.25	DN2000	1130.40～113040.00
DN300	25.43～2543.40	DN2200	1367.78～136778.40
DN350	34.62～3461.85	DN2400	1627.78～162777.60
DN400	45.22～4521.60	DN2600	1910.38～191037.60
DN450	57.23～5722.65

Production, Installation, and Use

1. Requirements for the external environment
a、 Flow meters should be avoided from being installed in places with large temperature changes or high temperature radiation from equipment. If installation is necessary, insulation and ventilation measures must be taken.
b、 It is best to install flow meters indoors. If they must be installed outdoors, they should be protected from rainwater, waterlogging, and direct sunlight. Moisture and sun protection measures should be taken.
c、 Flow meters should be avoided from being installed in environments containing corrosive gases, and ventilation measures must be taken when installation is necessary.
d、 For installation, maintenance, upkeep, and convenience, there needs to be ample installation space around the flowmeter.
e、 The installation site of the flowmeter should avoid strong magnetic fields and vibration sources. If the pipeline vibration is large, there should be fixed pipe supports on both sides of the flowmeter.
2. Requirements for straight pipe sections
In order to improve the effects of eddy currents and flow field distortions, there are certain requirements for the length of the straight pipe sections before and after the installation of the flowmeter, otherwise it will affect the measurement accuracy (rectifiers can also be installed, avoiding installation near the regulating valve and half open valve as much as possible).

Pipeline installation type	installation diagram	Standard pipeline type
Pipeline installation type	installation diagram	Front straight pipeline L	Rear straight pipeline S
PIPE	diagram A	5D	3D
bent pipe	Figure B	10D	5D
flared tube	Figure C	10D	5D
Downstream of valve	Figure D	10D	5D
HEAT SHRINKABLE TUBING	Figure E	5D	2D
Mercury downstream	Figure f	15D	5D
Mixed liquid	Figure G	30D	3D

3. Requirements for process pipes
The flowmeter has certain requirements for the upstream and downstream process pipes of the installation point, otherwise it will affect the measurement accuracy.
a、 The inner diameter of the upstream and downstream process pipes should be the same as that of the sensor, and should meet the requirement of 0.98DN ≤ D ≤ 1.05DN (where DN is the inner diameter of the sensor and D is the inner diameter of the process pipe)
b、 The process pipe and sensor must be concentric, and the coaxial deviation should not exceed 0.05DN
4. Requirements for bypass pipes
For the convenience of repairing the flow meter, it is best to install a bypass pipe for the flow meter. In addition, for heavily polluted fluids and flow meters that need to be cleaned and the fluid cannot be stopped, a bypass pipe must be installed.

a、 Convenient maintenance of flow meters
b、 Heavy pollution fluids must be installed
c、 The fluid cannot stop and the flow meter needs to be cleaned
5. Installation requirements for flow meters on pipelines

6. Grounding of sensors
In order to ensure the reliable operation of the instrument, improve measurement accuracy, and avoid interference from external parasitic potentials, the sensor should have a good separate grounding wire with a grounding resistance of<10 Ω. If there is insulation layer or non-metallic pipeline in the pipeline connecting the sensor, grounding rings should also be installed on both sides of the sensor.
a、 Grounding method on metal pipelines: If there is no insulation layer inside the metal pipeline, ground it according to the following diagram.

b、 Grounding method on plastic pipes or pipes with insulation layers or paint: Grounding rings should be installed on both ends of the sensor to short-circuit the measured medium flowing inside the pipe to the ground and have zero potential. Otherwise, the electromagnetic flowmeter will not function properly. (See the figure below)

7. Installation of sensors on cathodic protection pipelines
Pipelines that protect against electrolytic corrosion are usually insulated on their inner and outer walls, so they are not grounded by the medium. So, the sensor must use a grounding ring. Pipelines with cathodic corrosion protection often have insulation between the sensor and the connecting pipelines on both sides, so the medium is non-conductive to the ground. When installing, the following points should be noted:
a、 The grounding ring should be installed on both ends of the sensor. They must be insulated from the flange of the process pipeline and connected to the sensor through grounding wire 2. The material of the grounding ring should be able to withstand the corrosion of the medium. The standard material usually provided by the manufacturer is stainless steel (1Cr18Ni9Ti)
b、 The flanges of the process pipes on both sides of the instrument should be connected to the sensor with copper wires with a cross-sectional area of 4mm2, to isolate the cathodic protection potential from the sensor. Attention must be paid not to connect to the sensor.
c、 The flange connection bolts must be insulated from the flanges of the process pipeline, and the user must provide their own insulation material made bushings and washers. Please refer to the diagram below for details.

8. Handling of Electromagnetic Flowmeters

9. Precautions for flowmeter installation
a、 The installation size must be calculated accurately, otherwise it is easy to leak or fail to install.
b、 The fluid flow direction must be consistent with the flow arrow on the sensor surface.
c、 The electrode axis of the flowmeter must be approximately horizontal, otherwise it will affect the measurement accuracy.
d、 The flanges on both sides of the sensor must be kept parallel, otherwise it is easy to leak.
e、 To avoid the formation of vortex flow after installation, it is necessary to ensure that the coaxial connections of process piping, seals, and flow meters are not staggered.
f、 When installing a flowmeter, it is strictly prohibited to perform welding construction near the flowmeter flange to avoid burning the flowmeter lining.
g、 For process pipelines of different properties, corresponding grounding methods should be adopted (see sensor grounding).
h、 For corrosive media, it is best to install them vertically and allow the measured medium to flow from bottom to top. This can prevent solid particles from depositing in the flowmeter pipeline, ensure uniform corrosion of the lining, and extend the service life.
i、 For measuring pipes with a diameter greater than 200mm, a telescopic head can be used for convenience

Wiring Guide

1. Square meter terminal wiring and labeling (split type)

2. Processing and labeling of square meter signal lines

3. Round meter terminal wiring and labeling (integrated type)

The meanings of the markings on each terminal of the circular meter are as follows:
I+： Flow current output COM: alarm output ground
COM： Current output ground FUSE: Input power fuse
P+： Bidirectional flow frequency (pulse) output T1+: communication input
COM： Frequency (pulse) output ground T2-: communication input
Al： Lower limit alarm output L1: 220V (24V) power input
Ah： Upper limit alarm output L2: 220V (/24V) power input
4. Processing and labeling of circular meter signal lines

Note: The connection cable between the split flowmeter sensor and the converter should be as short as possible, and do not roll excess cables together.
The connecting cable cannot be installed together with other cables, such as transformers, motors, and other power cables, with a distance of at least 1m.
The connecting cable cannot be disconnected or short circuited midway, nor can it change the required length of the order.
Cable routing should try to avoid interference sources as much as possible.

Advantageous products:

Sewage type electromagnetic flowmeter/Φ 100mm	Self flowing electromagnetic flowmeter/Φ 100mm	Anti corrosion electromagnetic flowmeter/Φ 150mm
advantage: 1. Impurities and fibers do not affect the measurement 2. PTFE corrosion-resistant lining 3. Antibacterial and anti stick electrode 4. Positive and negative cumulative flow 5. Intelligent self rupture function	advantage: 1. The magnetic field strength increases by 5 times 2. Proficient in measuring ultra-low flow rate flow 3. Input impedance up to 15 megaohms 4. Built in large magnetic steel 5. High current excitation	advantage: 1. Four electrode mechanism safety grounding 2. Hastelloy C alloy electrode 3. PTFE lining resistant to strong acids and alkalis 4. Stainless steel casing extends lifespan 5. Density conversion function, easy to calculate quality
Submersible electromagnetic flowmeter/Φ 200mm	High temperature electromagnetic flowmeter/Φ 300mm	Small caliber electromagnetic flowmeter/Φ 10mm
advantage: 1. Orange diving paint package for 10 years 2. Protection level: IP68 3. Fully sealed glue filling process, no leakage of droplets	advantage: 1. High temperature resistance up to 150 degrees 2. Select high-temperature enameled coils 3. Adopting a mesh skeleton lining	advantage: 1. The minimum flow rate can be measured up to 20.0L/h 2. External plug-in electrode with high voltage resistance 3. Sensitive response, zero point stability

Installation demonstration of intelligent electromagnetic flowmeter